‘Follow the rules, please?’ Spanish locals’ plea to tourists

The Canary Islands: A Tale of Overtourism and Local Resistance

The Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago off the northwest coast of Africa, have long been a beloved destination for tourists seeking sun, sand, and unique landscapes. However, in recent years, the islands have become a hotspot for overtourism, leading to growing tensions between locals and visitors. Contrary to popular perception, residents of the Canary Islands are not inherently "anti-tourist." Instead, they are calling for a more balanced approach to tourism that benefits both visitors and locals alike. As tourist numbers continue to soar, reaching 30.5 million in 2024, the islands are grappling with the challenges of managing mass tourism while preserving their natural beauty, cultural heritage, and quality of life for residents.

The Year-Round Tourism Boom and Its Challenges

The Canary Islands have traditionally been a winter destination, particularly for European tourists seeking refuge from colder climates. However, in recent years, the islands have become a year-round hotspot, with tourists flocking to their shores in every season. Guillermo, a local guide in Gran Canaria, notes that the winter of 2024 was the busiest he has ever experienced. This shift in tourism patterns has brought both opportunities and challenges. While the influx of visitors has boosted the local economy, it has also put strain on the islands’ infrastructure, natural resources, and housing markets. Guillermo, who runs a small, eco-conscious tour company, expresses concerns about the environmental impact of mass tourism and the need for sustainable practices to preserve the islands’ unique natural beauty.

Economic Imbalances and the Housing Crisis

One of the most pressing issues faced by the Canary Islands is the economic imbalance created by tourism. While the industry generates significant revenue, much of it flows out of the islands, benefitting large foreign companies rather than local businesses and residents. Guillermo highlights the role of short-term rental platforms like Airbnb in exacerbating the housing crisis. Once a way for locals to supplement their income by renting out unused properties, Airbnb has now become a major driver of gentrification, with entire buildings being converted into holiday rentals. This has made it difficult for many residents to find affordable housing, pushing some to the brink of homelessness. Protests against overtourism, such as those seen in Ibiza, reflect the growing frustration among locals who feel that tourism is no longer benefiting the community but rather displacing it.

The Misbehavior of Tourists and Environmental Concerns

Beyond economic disparities, the behavior of some tourists has become a source of frustration for locals. Environmental degradation, such as littering, unauthorized off-roading, and the removal of protected plants and rocks, is a major concern. Nestor Marrero Rodríguez, a local activist and organizer of anti-overtourism protests in Tenerife, points to the reckless behavior of some visitors, including British tourists, who he accuses of being particularly disrespectful. He cites incidents such as assaults on airline staff, public intoxication, and disregard for local regulations as examples of the negative impact of unchecked tourism. Guillermo, while acknowledging that not all tourists are problematic, agrees that there is a need for greater awareness and respect for the islands’ fragile ecosystems.

Solutions to the Overtourism Crisis

Addressing the overtourism crisis in the Canary Islands requires a multi-faceted approach. Guillermo and other locals advocate for stricter regulations on short-term rentals, such as the proposed law on "Viviendas Vacacionales," which aims to crack down on illegal listings and ensure that housing remains available for residents. They also call for greater investment in infrastructure and natural resource management, such as hiring more forest rangers and improving access controls in protected areas. Tourists can play a role in alleviating the pressure by supporting local businesses, staying in locally-owned accommodations, and engaging in environmentally responsible behaviors. Simple actions, such as not littering, staying on designated trails, and respecting local customs, can make a significant difference.

The Future of Tourism in the Canary Islands

As the Canary Islands look to the future, there is a growing recognition that tourism must be managed in a way that is sustainable and equitable. This means not only preserving the islands’ natural and cultural heritage but also ensuring that the economic benefits of tourism are shared more fairly among local communities. By supporting local businesses, regulating short-term rentals, and promoting responsible tourism practices, the Canary Islands can continue to thrive as a popular destination while maintaining the quality of life for their residents. The protests and grassroots initiatives currently underway are a testament to the determination of locals to reclaim their islands and shape a future where tourism serves as a force for good, rather than a source of division and exploitation.