The Urgent Situation of Air Pollution in Hanoi

Air pollution in Hanoi has reached a critical point, with Muthukumara Mani of the World Bank underscoring the urgency of the crisis. This sentiment is echoed by VietnamNet, which, after years of silence, has called air pollution a crisis demanding immediate attention. The situation is so dire that high-level officials have visited China to study their successful strategies in improving air quality, indicating a recognition of the problem at the highest levels of government.

Government Recognition and Proposed Plans

While the Vietnamese government acknowledges the severity of air pollution, their proposed solutions, such as low-emission zones and an action plan targeting good air quality 75% of the year, lack clear enforcement mechanisms. Experts like Bob Baulch from RMIT University Vietnam point out that the focus often remains on setting targets rather than ensuring their implementation, raising questions about the effectiveness of these measures.

Personal Struggles and Community Impact

The human impact of air pollution is vividly illustrated through the story of Tran Thi Chi, who, after years of breathing difficulties, moved from the city center and purchased an air purifier—a luxury many cannot afford. Her story highlights the daily struggles of millions in Hanoi, who endure poor air quality without the means to escape or mitigate its effects, prompting urgent calls for change from the community.

Environmental Activism and Government Crackdown

Environmental activists have been at the forefront of advocating for change, but their efforts have been met with severe repression. Nguy Thi Khanh and four other activists were jailed for challenging government plans to expand coal power, illustrating a broader crackdown that has stifled advocacy and public discourse on environmental issues.

Advocacy and Its Challenges

The imprisonment of activists has created a chilling effect, silencing many who might otherwise push for environmental reforms. Organizations like The 88 Project note the impact on free expression, emphasizing the importance of advocacy in pressing the government to address air pollution effectively.

Vietnam’s Climate Pledges and Contrasting Actions

Despite Vietnam’s commitment to net-zero emissions by 2050, recent increases in coal imports suggest conflicting priorities. This contradiction raises concerns about the government’s resolve to tackle air pollution, even as individuals like Chi urge immediate and realistic measures to protect the city they love. The disconnect between long-term climate goals and short-term energy strategies underscores the need for transparency and accountability in addressing Hanoi’s air pollution crisis.